Method and apparatus for controlling uplink transmission power in wireless access system supporting machine-type communication

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a wireless access system supporting machine-type communication (MTC), and more specifically, to methods for controlling uplink transmission power by an MTC terminal and apparatuses supporting same. A method for controlling uplink transmission power by an MTC terminal in a wireless access system supporting machine-type communication (MTC), according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: repeatedly receiving, a specific number of times, a first downlink control channel including a first transmission power command (TPC); transmitting, a specific number of times, a first uplink channel according to the transmission power indicated by the first TPC; and receiving a second downlink control channel including a second TPC which commands adjustment of transmission power while transmitting, the specific number of times, the first uplink channel, wherein, while the first uplink channel is being transmitted repeatedly, the first uplink channel can be transmitted according to the transmission power indicated by the first TPC, without reflecting the second TPC.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to a wireless access system supporting Machine Type Communication (MTC), and more particularly, to methods for controlling uplink transmission power by an MTC terminal, and apparatuses supporting the methods.

BACKGROUND ART

Wireless access systems have been widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice or data. In general, a wireless access system is a multiple access system that supports communication of multiple users by sharing available system resources (a bandwidth, transmission power, etc.) among them. For example, multiple access systems include a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) system, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, and a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) system.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently transmitting and receiving data in a wireless access system supporting Machine Type Communication (MTC).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling uplink transmission power of an MTC terminal.

Another object of the present invention is to provide apparatuses supporting the above methods.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the objects that could be achieved with the present invention are not limited to what has been particularly described hereinabove and the above and other objects that the present invention could achieve will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.

Technical Solution

The present invention relates to a wireless access system supporting Machine Type Communication (MTC). More particularly, the present invention provides methods for controlling uplink transmission power by an MTC terminal, and apparatuses supporting the methods.

In an aspect of the present invention, provided herein is a method for controlling uplink transmission power by a Machine Type Communication (MTC) User Equipment (UE) in a wireless access system supporting MTC, including receiving a first downlink control channel including a first Transmit Power Command (TPC), repeatedly a predetermined number of times, transmitting a first uplink channel according to transmission power indicated by the first TPC, repeatedly a predetermined number of times, and receiving a second downlink control channel including a second TPC indicating adjustment of the transmission power during the predetermined number of repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel. The first uplink channel is transmitted according to the transmission power indicated by the first TPC, without reflecting the second TPC during the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel.

The method may further include, after completion of the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel, receiving a third downlink control channel including a third TPC indicating adjustment of the transmission power.

The method may further include transmitting a second uplink channel repeatedly a predetermined number of times, in consideration of both of a transmission power control value indicated by the second TPC and a transmission power control value indicated by the third TPC.

Or the method may further include transmitting a second uplink channel repeatedly a predetermined number of times according to transmission power adjusted according to a transmission power control value indicated by the third TPC.

In another aspect of the present invention, an MTC UE for controlling uplink transmission power in a wireless access system supporting MTC includes a receiver, a transmitter, and a processor configured to control uplink transmission power.

The processor may be configured to receive a first downlink control channel including a first TPC, repeatedly a predetermined number of times by controlling the receiver, to transmit a first uplink channel according to transmission power indicated by the first TPC, repeatedly a predetermined number of times by controlling the transmitter, and upon receipt of a second downlink control channel including a second TPC indicating adjustment of the transmission power during the predetermined number of repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel, to transmit the first uplink channel according to the transmission power indicated by the first TPC by controlling the transmitter, without reflecting the second TPC during the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel.

After completion of the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel, the processor may be configured to control the receiver to receive a third downlink control channel including a third TPC indicating adjustment of the transmission power.

Also, the processor may be configured to control the transmitter to transmit a second uplink channel repeatedly a predetermined number of times, in consideration of both of a transmission power control value indicated by the second TPC and a transmission power control value indicated by the third TPC.

Or the processor may be configured to control the transmitter to transmit a second uplink channel repeatedly a predetermined number of times according to transmission power adjusted according to a transmission power control value indicated by the third TPC.

According to the above aspects of the present invention, the downlink control channel may be a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) transmitted in a control channel region of a subframe, or an Enhanced PDCCH (E-PDCCH) transmitted in a data channel region of a subframe, and the uplink channel may be a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for transmitting uplink control information or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for transmitting user data.

If the first uplink channel is the PUSCH and the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel overlap with the repeated transmissions of the PUCCH, the repeated transmissions of the first uplink channel may be discontinued and the repeated transmissions of the PUCCH may be performed.

Also, the first uplink channel may be transmitted with transmission power increased by as much as the number of overlapped subframes.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.

Advantageous Effects

As is apparent from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention have the following effects.

First, a Machine Type Communication (MTC) terminal can perform uplink transmission reliably and efficiently.

Secondly, even though an MTC terminal receives a Transmit Power Command (TPC) indicating transmission power adjustment during repeated transmissions of an uplink channel, the MTC terminal can continue transmission of the uplink channel, ignoring the TPC command.

Thirdly, if uplink channels are overlapped with each other, an MTC terminal transmits an uplink channel, taking into account the priority levels of the uplink channels, and increases the transmission power of a transmission-discontinued uplink channel in proportion to the number of overlapped subframes. Therefore, the discontinued transmission of the uplink channel can be compensated.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the technical features or scope of the inventions. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating physical channels used in the embodiments and a signal transmission method using the physical channels.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a radio frame for use in the embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a resource grid of a downlink slot according to the embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an uplink subframe according to the embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a downlink subframe according to the embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates PUCCH formats 1a and 1b for use in a normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) case, and FIG. 7 illustrates Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) formats 1a and 1b for use in an extended CP case.

FIG. 8 illustrates PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b in a normal CP case, and FIG. 9 illustrates PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b in an extended CP case.

FIG. 10 illustrates Acknowledgment/Negative Acknowledgment (ACK/NACK) channelization for PUCCH formats 1a and 1b.

FIG. 11 illustrates channelization for a hybrid structure of PUCCH format 1a/1b and format 2/2a/2b in the same Physical Resource Block (PRB).

FIG. 12 illustrates allocation of a PRB.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Component Carrier (CC) of the embodiments and Carrier Aggregation (CA) used in a Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) system.

FIG. 14 illustrates a subframe structure of an LTE-A system according to cross-carrier scheduling.

FIG. 15 is conceptual diagram illustrating a construction of serving cells according to cross-carrier scheduling.

FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating CA PUCCH signal processing.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow for a method of adjusting uplink transmission power.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating one of methods of adjusting the transmission power of a PUSCH, when repeated PUCCH transmissions collide with repeated PUSCH transmissions.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating one of methods of adjusting the transmission power of a PUSCH, when repeated PUCCH transmissions collide with repeated PUSCH transmissions.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of apparatuses for implementing the methods illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 19.

BEST MODE

Embodiments of the present invention described below in detail relate to a wireless access system supporting Machine Type Communication (MTC). More particularly, the embodiments of the present invention relate to methods of controlling uplink transmission power by an MTC terminal, and apparatuses supporting the methods.

The embodiments of the present disclosure described below are combinations of elements and features of the present disclosure in specific forms. The elements or features may be considered selective unless otherwise mentioned. Each element or feature may be practiced without being combined with other elements or features. Further, an embodiment of the present disclosure may be constructed by combining parts of the elements and/or features. Operation orders described in embodiments of the present disclosure may be rearranged. Some constructions or elements of any one embodiment may be included in another embodiment and may be replaced with corresponding constructions or features of another embodiment.

In the description of the attached drawings, a detailed description of known procedures or steps of the present disclosure will be avoided lest it should obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure. In addition, procedures or steps that could be understood to those skilled in the art will not be described either.

Throughout the specification, when a certain portion “includes” or “comprises” a certain component, this indicates that other components are not excluded and may be further included unless otherwise noted. The terms “unit”, “-or/er” and “module” described in the specification indicate a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware, software or a combination thereof. In addition, the terms “a or an”, “one”, “the” etc. may include a singular representation and a plural representation in the context of the present invention (more particularly, in the context of the following claims) unless indicated otherwise in the specification or unless context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a description is mainly made of a data transmission and reception relationship between a Base Station (BS) and a User Equipment (UE). A BS refers to a terminal node of a network, which directly communicates with a UE. A specific operation described as being performed by the BS may be performed by an upper node of the BS.

Namely, it is apparent that, in a network comprised of a plurality of network nodes including a BS, various operations performed for communication with a UE may be performed by the BS, or network nodes other than the BS. The term ‘BS’ may be replaced with a fixed station, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNode B or eNB), an Advanced Base Station (ABS), an access point, etc.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term terminal may be replaced with a UE, a Mobile Station (MS), a Subscriber Station (SS), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a mobile terminal, an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), etc.

A transmitter is a fixed and/or mobile node that provides a data service or a voice service and a receiver is a fixed and/or mobile node that receives a data service or a voice service. Therefore, a UE may serve as a transmitter and a BS may serve as a receiver, on an UpLink (UL). Likewise, the UE may serve as a receiver and the BS may serve as a transmitter, on a DownLink (DL).

The embodiments of the present disclosure may be supported by standard specifications disclosed for at least one of wireless access systems including an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.xx system, a 3^(rd) Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) system, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, and a 3GPP2 system. In particular, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be supported by the standard specifications, 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.321 and 3GPP TS 36.331. That is, the steps or parts, which are not described to clearly reveal the technical idea of the present disclosure, in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be explained by the above standard specifications. All terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be explained by the standard specifications.

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description, which will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than to show the only embodiments that can be implemented according to the invention.

The following detailed description includes specific terms in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific terms may be replaced with other terms without departing the technical spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

For example, a general UE refers to a device supporting communication service for a user in an LTE/LTE-A system, whereas an MTC UE refers to a device that operates in the LTE/LTE-A system and is equipped only with mandatory functions for supporting MTC, and a function for coverage extension. Further, the terms, multiplex and piggyback are interchangeably used with each other in similar meanings.

Hereinafter, 3GPP LTE/LTE-A systems which are examples of a wireless access system which can be applied to embodiments to the present invention will be explained.

The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various wireless access systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc.

CDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)/General packet Radio Service (GPRS)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc.

UTRA is a part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GPP LTE is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, adopting OFDMA for DL and SC-FDMA for UL. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE. While the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in the context of a 3GPP LTE/LTE-A system in order to clarify the technical features of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is also applicable to an IEEE 802.16e/m system, etc.

1. 3GPP LTE/LTE-A System

In a wireless access system, a UE receives information from an eNB on a DL and transmits information to the eNB on a UL. The information transmitted and received between the UE and the eNB includes general data information and various types of control information. There are many physical channels according to the types/usages of information transmitted and received between the eNB and the UE.

1.1 System Overview

FIG. 1 illustrates physical channels and a general method using the physical channels, which may be used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

When a UE is powered on or enters a new cell, the UE performs initial cell search (S11). The initial cell search involves acquisition of synchronization to an eNB. Specifically, the UE synchronizes its timing to the eNB and acquires information such as a cell Identifier (ID) by receiving a Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH) and a Secondary Synchronization Channel (S-SCH) from the eNB.

Then the UE may acquire information broadcast in the cell by receiving a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) from the eNB.

During the initial cell search, the UE may monitor a DL channel state by receiving a Downlink Reference Signal (DL RS).

After the initial cell search, the UE may acquire more detailed system information by receiving a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and receiving a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) based on information of the PDCCH (S12).

To complete connection to the eNB, the UE may perform a random access procedure with the eNB (S13 to S16). In the random access procedure, the UE may transmit a preamble on a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S13) and may receive a PDCCH and a PDSCH associated with the PDCCH (S14). In the case of contention-based random access, the UE may additionally perform a contention resolution procedure including transmission of an additional PRACH (S15) and reception of a PDCCH signal and a PDSCH signal corresponding to the PDCCH signal (S16).

After the above procedure, the UE may receive a PDCCH and/or a PDSCH from the eNB (S17) and transmit a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and/or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) to the eNB (S18), in a general UL/DL signal transmission procedure.

Control information that the UE transmits to the eNB is generically called Uplink Control Information (UCI). The UCI includes a Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK/NACK), a Scheduling Request (SR), a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Index (PMI), a Rank Indicator (RI), etc.

In the LTE system, UCI is generally transmitted on a PUCCH periodically. However, if control information and traffic data should be transmitted simultaneously, the control information and traffic data may be transmitted on a PUSCH. In addition, the UCI may be transmitted aperiodically on the PUSCH, upon receipt of a request/command from a network.

FIG. 2 illustrates exemplary radio frame structures used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2(a) illustrates frame structure type 1. Frame structure type 1 is applicable to both a full Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system and a half FDD system.

One radio frame is 10 ms (T_(f)=307200·T_(s)) long, including equal-sized 20 slots indexed from 0 to 19. Each slot is 0.5 ms (T_(slot)=15360·T_(s)) long. One subframe includes two successive slots. An i^(th) subframe includes 2i^(th) and (2i+1)^(th) slots. That is, a radio frame includes 10 subframes. A time required for transmitting one subframe is defined as a Transmission Time Interval (TTI). T_(s) is a sampling time given as T_(s)=1/(15 kHz×2048)=3.2552×10⁻⁸ (about 33 ns). One slot includes a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or SC-FDMA symbols in the time domain by a plurality of Resource Blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain.

A slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. Since OFDMA is adopted for DL in the 3GPP LTE system, one OFDM symbol represents one symbol period. An OFDM symbol may be called an SC-FDMA symbol or symbol period. An RB is a resource allocation unit including a plurality of contiguous subcarriers in one slot.

In a full FDD system, each of 10 subframes may be used simultaneously for DL transmission and UL transmission during a 10-ms duration. The DL transmission and the UL transmission are distinguished by frequency. On the other hand, a UE cannot perform transmission and reception simultaneously in a half FDD system.

The above radio frame structure is purely exemplary. Thus, the number of subframes in a radio frame, the number of slots in a subframe, and the number of OFDM symbols in a slot may be changed.

FIG. 2(b) illustrates frame structure type 2. Frame structure type 2 is applied to a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system. One radio frame is 10 ms (T_(f)=307200·T_(s)) long, including two half-frames each having a length of 5 ms (=153600·T_(s)) long. Each half-frame includes five subframes each being 1 ms (=30720·T_(s)) long. An i^(th) subframe includes 2i^(th) and (2i+1)^(th) slots each having a length of 0.5 ms (T_(slot)=15360·T_(s)). T_(s) is a sampling time given as T_(s)=1/(15 kHz×2048)=3.2552×10⁻⁸ (about 33 ns).

A type-2 frame includes a special subframe having three fields, Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS), Guard Period (GP), and Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS). The DwPTS is used for initial cell search, synchronization, or channel estimation at a UE, and the UpPTS is used for channel estimation and UL transmission synchronization with a UE at an eNB. The GP is used to cancel UL interference between a UL and a DL, caused by the multi-path delay of a DL signal.

[Table 1] below lists special subframe configurations (DwPTS/GP/UpPTS lengths).

TABLE 1 Normal cyclic prefix in downlink Extended cyclic prefix in downlink UpPTS UpPTS Normal Extended Normal Extended Special subframe cyclic prefix cyclic prefix cyclic prefix cyclic prefix configuration DwPTS in uplink in uplink DwPTS in uplink in uplink 0  6592 · T_(s) 2192 · T_(s) 2560 · T_(s)  7680 · T_(s) 2192 · T_(s) 2560 · T_(s) 1 19760 · T_(s) 20480 · T_(s) 2 21952 · T_(s) 23040 · T_(s) 3 24144 · T_(s) 25600 · T_(s) 4 26336 · T_(s)  7680 · T_(s) 4384 · T_(s) 5120 · T_(s) 5  6592 · T_(s) 4384 · T_(s) 5120 · T_(s) 20480 · T_(s) 6 19760 · T_(s) 23040 · T_(s) 7 21952 · T_(s) — — — 8 24144 · T_(s) — — —

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary structure of a DL resource grid for the duration of one DL slot, which may be used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 3, a DL slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. One DL slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain and an RB includes 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, to which the present disclosure is not limited.

Each element of the resource grid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE). An RB includes 12×7 REs. The number of RBs in a DL slot, N_(DL) depends on a DL transmission bandwidth. A UL slot may have the same structure as a DL slot.

FIG. 4 illustrates a structure of a UL subframe which may be used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 4, a UL subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain. A PUCCH carrying UCI is allocated to the control region and a PUSCH carrying user data is allocated to the data region. To maintain a single carrier property, a UE does not transmit a PUCCH and a PUSCH simultaneously. A pair of RBs in a subframe are allocated to a PUCCH for a UE. The RBs of the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in two slots. Thus it is said that the RB pair frequency-hops over a slot boundary.

FIG. 5 illustrates a structure of a DL subframe that may be used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 5, up to three OFDM symbols of a DL subframe, starting from OFDM symbol 0 are used as a control region to which control channels are allocated and the other OFDM symbols of the DL subframe are used as a data region to which a PDSCH is allocated. DL control channels defined for the 3GPP LTE system include a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), a PDCCH, and a Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH).

The PCFICH is transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of a subframe, carrying information about the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of control channels (i.e. the size of the control region) in the subframe. The PHICH is a response channel to a UL transmission, delivering an HARQ ACK/NACK signal. Control information carried on the PDCCH is called Downlink Control Information (DCI). The DCI transports UL resource assignment information, DL resource assignment information, or UL Transmission (Tx) power control commands for a UE group.

1.2 Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)

1.2.1 PDCCH Overview

The PDCCH may deliver information about resource allocation and a transport format for a Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH) (i.e. a DL grant), information about resource allocation and a transport format for an Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) (i.e. a UL grant), paging information of a Paging Channel (PCH), system information on the DL-SCH, information about resource allocation for a higher layer control message such as a random access response transmitted on the PDSCH, a set of Tx power control commands for individual UEs of a UE group, Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) activation indication information, etc.

A plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in the control region. A UE may monitor a plurality of PDCCHs. A PDCCH is transmitted in an aggregate of one or more consecutive Control Channel Elements (CCEs). A PDCCH made up of one or more consecutive CCEs may be transmitted in the control region after subblock interleaving. A CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH at a code rate based on the state of a radio channel. A CCE includes a plurality of RE Groups (REGs). The format of a PDCCH and the number of available bits for the PDCCH are determined according to the relationship between the number of CCEs and a code rate provided by the CCEs.

1.2.2 PDCCH Structure

A plurality of PDCCHs for a plurality of UEs may be multiplexed and transmitted in the control region. A PDCCH is made up of an aggregate of one or more consecutive CCEs. A CCE is a unit of 9 REGs each REG including 4 REs. Four Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) symbols are mapped to each REG. REs occupied by RSs are excluded from REGs. That is, the total number of REGs in an OFDM symbol may be changed depending on the presence or absence of a cell-specific RS. The concept of an REG to which four REs are mapped is also applicable to other DL control channels (e.g. the PCFICH or the PHICH). Let the number of REGs that are not allocated to the PCFICH or the PHICH be denoted by N_(REG). Then the number of CCEs available to the system is N_(CCE) (=└N_(REG)/9┘) and the CCEs are indexed from 0 to N_(CCE)-1.

To simplify the decoding process of a UE, a PDCCH format including n CCEs may start with a CCE having an index equal to a multiple of n. That is, given CCE i, the PDCCH format may start with a CCE satisfying i mod n=0

The eNB may configure a PDCCH with 1, 2, 4, or 8 CCEs. {1, 2, 4, 8} are called CCE aggregation levels. The number of CCEs used for transmission of a PDCCH is determined according to a channel state by the eNB. For example, one CCE is sufficient for a PDCCH directed to a UE in a good DL channel state (a UE near to the eNB). On the other hand, 8 CCEs may be required for a PDCCH directed to a UE in a poor DL channel state (a UE at a cell edge) in order to ensure sufficient robustness.

[Table 2] below illustrates PDCCH formats. 4 PDCCH formats are supported according to CCE aggregation levels as illustrated in [Table 2].

TABLE 2 PDCCH Number of CCEs format (n) Number of REGs Number of PDCCH bits 0 1 9 72 1 2 18 144 2 4 36 288 3 8 72 576

A different CCE aggregation level is allocated to each UE because the format or Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level of control information delivered in a PDCCH for the UE is different. An MCS level defines a code rate used for data coding and a modulation order. An adaptive MCS level is used for link adaptation. In general, three or four MCS levels may be considered for control channels carrying control information.

Regarding the formats of control information, control information transmitted on a PDCCH is called DCI. The configuration of information in PDCCH payload may be changed depending on the DCI format. The PDCCH payload is information bits. [Table 3] lists DCI according to DCI formats.

TABLE 3 DCI Format Description Format 0 Resource grants for the PUSCH transmissions (uplink) Format 1 Resource assignments for single codeword PDSCH transmissions (transmission modes 1, 2 and 7) Format 1A Compact signaling of resource assignments for single codeword PDSCH (all modes) Format 1B Compact resource assignments for PDSCH using rank-1 closed loop precoding (mode 6) Format 1C Very compact resource assignments for PDSCH (e.g. paging/broadcast system information) Format 1D Compact resource assignments for PDSCH using multi- user MIMO (mode 5) Format 2 Resource assignments for PDSCH for closed-loop MIMO operation (mode 4) Format 2A Resource assignments for PDSCH for open-loop MIMO operation (mode 3) Format 3/3A Power control commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit/1-bit power adjustment Format 4 Scheduling of PUSCH in one UL cell with multi-antenna port transmission mode

Referring to [Table 3], the DCI formats include Format 0 for PUSCH scheduling, Format 1 for single-codeword PDSCH scheduling, Format 1A for compact single-codeword PDSCH scheduling, Format 1C for very compact DL-SCH scheduling, Format 2 for PDSCH scheduling in a closed-loop spatial multiplexing mode, Format 2A for PDSCH scheduling in an open-loop spatial multiplexing mode, and Format 3/3A for transmission of Transmission Power Control (TPC) commands for uplink channels. DCI Format 1A is available for PDSCH scheduling irrespective of the transmission mode of a UE.

The length of PDCCH payload may vary with DCI formats. In addition, the type and length of PDCCH payload may be changed depending on compact or non-compact scheduling or the transmission mode of a UE.

The transmission mode of a UE may be configured for DL data reception on a PDSCH at the UE. For example, DL data carried on a PDSCH includes scheduled data, a paging message, a random access response, broadcast information on a BCCH, etc. for a UE. The DL data of the PDSCH is related to a DCI format signaled through a PDCCH. The transmission mode may be configured semi-statically for the UE by higher layer signaling (e.g. Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). The transmission mode may be classified as single antenna transmission or multi-antenna transmission.

A transmission mode is configured for a UE semi-statically by higher layer signaling. For example, multi-antenna transmission scheme may include transmit diversity, open-loop or closed-loop spatial multiplexing, Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO), or beamforming. Transmit diversity increases transmission reliability by transmitting the same data through multiple Tx antennas. Spatial multiplexing enables high-speed data transmission without increasing a system bandwidth by simultaneously transmitting different data through multiple Tx antennas. Beamforming is a technique of increasing the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) of a signal by weighting multiple antennas according to channel states.

A DCI format for a UE depends on the transmission mode of the UE. The UE has a reference DCI format monitored according to the transmission mode configure for the UE. The following 10 transmission modes are available to UEs:

(1) Transmission mode 1: Single antenna port (port 0);

(2) Transmission mode 2: Transmit diversity;

(3) Transmission mode 3: Open-loop spatial multiplexing when the number of layer is larger than 1 or Transmit diversity when the rank is 1;

(4) Transmission mode 4: Closed-loop spatial multiplexing;

(5) Transmission mode 5: MU-MIMO;

(6) Transmission mode 6: Closed-loop rank-1 precoding;

(7) Transmission mode 7: Precoding supporting a single layer transmission, which does not based on a codebook (Rel-8);

(8) Transmission mode 8: Precoding supporting up to two layers, which do not based on a codebook (Rel-9);

(9) Transmission mode 9: Precoding supporting up to eight layers, which do not based on a codebook (Rel-10); and

(10) Transmission mode 10: Precoding supporting up to eight layers, which do not based on a codebook, used for CoMP (Rel-11).

1.2.3 PDCCH Transmission

The eNB determines a PDCCH format according to DCI that will be transmitted to the UE and adds a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to the control information. The CRC is masked by a unique Identifier (ID) (e.g. a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)) according to the owner or usage of the PDCCH. If the PDCCH is destined for a specific UE, the CRC may be masked by a unique ID (e.g. a cell-RNTI (C-RNTI)) of the UE. If the PDCCH carries a paging message, the CRC of the PDCCH may be masked by a paging indicator ID (e.g. a Paging-RNTI (P-RNTI)). If the PDCCH carries system information, particularly, a System Information Block (SIB), its CRC may be masked by a system information ID (e.g. a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI)). To indicate that the PDCCH carries a random access response to a random access preamble transmitted by a UE, its CRC may be masked by a Random Access-RNTI (RA-RNTI).

Then the eNB generates coded data by channel-encoding the CRC-added control information. The channel coding may be performed at a code rate corresponding to an MCS level. The eNB rate-matches the coded data according to a CCE aggregation level allocated to a PDCCH format and generates modulation symbols by modulating the coded data. Herein, a modulation order corresponding to the MCS level may be used for the modulation. The CCE aggregation level for the modulation symbols of a PDCCH may be one of 1, 2, 4, and 8. Subsequently, the eNB maps the modulation symbols to physical REs (i.e. CCE to RE mapping).

1.2.4 Blind Decoding (BD)

A plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in a subframe. That is, the control region of a subframe includes a plurality of CCEs, CCE 0 to CCE N_(CCE,k)−1. N_(CCE,k) is the total number of CCEs in the control region of a k^(th) subframe. A UE monitors a plurality of PDCCHs in every subframe. This means that the UE attempts to decode each PDCCH according to a monitored PDCCH format.

The eNB does not provide the UE with information about the position of a PDCCH directed to the UE in an allocated control region of a subframe. Without knowledge of the position, CCE aggregation level, or DCI format of its PDCCH, the UE searches for its PDCCH by monitoring a set of PDCCH candidates in the subframe in order to receive a control channel from the eNB. This is called blind decoding. Blind decoding is the process of demasking a CRC part with a UE ID, checking a CRC error, and determining whether a corresponding PDCCH is a control channel directed to a UE by the UE.

The UE monitors a PDCCH in every subframe to receive data transmitted to the UE in an active mode. In a Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mode, the UE wakes up in a monitoring interval of every DRX cycle and monitors a PDCCH in a subframe corresponding to the monitoring interval. The PDCCH-monitored subframe is called a non-DRX subframe.

To receive its PDCCH, the UE should blind-decode all CCEs of the control region of the non-DRX subframe. Without knowledge of a transmitted PDCCH format, the UE should decode all PDCCHs with all possible CCE aggregation levels until the UE succeeds in blind-decoding a PDCCH in every non-DRX subframe. Since the UE does not know the number of CCEs used for its PDCCH, the UE should attempt detection with all possible CCE aggregation levels until the UE succeeds in blind decoding of a PDCCH.

In the LTE system, the concept of Search Space (SS) is defined for blind decoding of a UE. An SS is a set of PDCCH candidates that a UE will monitor. The SS may have a different size for each PDCCH format. There are two types of SSs, Common Search Space (CSS) and UE-specific/Dedicated Search Space (USS).

While all UEs may know the size of a CSS, a USS may be configured for each individual UE. Accordingly, a UE should monitor both a CSS and a USS to decode a PDCCH. As a consequence, the UE performs up to 44 blind decodings in one subframe, except for blind decodings based on different CRC values (e.g., C-RNTI, P-RNTI, SI-RNTI, and RA-RNTI).

In view of the constraints of an SS, the eNB may not secure CCE resources to transmit PDCCHs to all intended UEs in a given subframe. This situation occurs because the remaining resources except for allocated CCEs may not be included in an SS for a specific UE. To minimize this obstacle that may continue in the next subframe, a UE-specific hopping sequence may apply to the starting point of a USS.

[Table 4] illustrates the sizes of CSSs and USSs.

TABLE 4 PDCCH Number of Number of candidates Number of candidates format CCEs (n) in common search space in dedicated search space 0 1 — 6 1 2 — 6 2 4 4 2 3 8 2 2

To mitigate the load of the UE caused by the number of blind decoding attempts, the UE does not search for all defined DCI formats simultaneously. Specifically, the UE always searches for DCI Format 0 and DCI Format 1A in a USS. Although DCI Format 0 and DCI Format 1A are of the same size, the UE may distinguish the DCI formats by a flag for format0/format 1a differentiation included in a PDCCH. Other DCI formats than DCI Format 0 and DCI Format 1A, such as DCI Format 1, DCI Format 1B, and DCI Format 2 may be required for the UE.

The UE may search for DCI Format 1A and DCI Format 1C in a CSS. The UE may also be configured to search for DCI Format 3 or 3A in the CSS. Although DCI Format 3 and DCI Format 3A have the same size as DCI Format 0 and DCI Format 1A, the UE may distinguish the DCI formats by a CRC scrambled with an ID other than a UE-specific ID.

An SS S_(k) ^((L)) is a PDCCH candidate set with a CCE aggregation level Lε{1, 2, 4, 8}. The CCEs of PDCCH candidate set m in the SS may be determined by the following equation.

L·{(Y _(k) +m)mod └N _(CCE,k) /L┘}+i  [Equation 1]

where M^((L)) is the number of PDCCH candidates with CCE aggregation level L to be monitored in the SS, m=0, . . . , M^((L))−1, i is the index of a CCE in each PDCCH candidate, and i=0, . . . , L−1. k=└n_(s)/2┘ where n_(s) is the index of a slot in a radio frame.

As described before, the UE monitors both the USS and the CSS to decode a PDCCH. The CSS supports PDCCHs with CCE aggregation levels {4, 8} and the USS supports PDCCHs with CCE aggregation levels {1, 2, 4, 8}. [Table 5] illustrates PDCCH candidates monitored by a UE.

TABLE 5 Number Search space S_(k) ^((L)) of PDCCH Aggregation Size candidates Type level L [in CCEs] M^((L)) UE- 1 6 6 specific 2 12 6 4 8 2 8 16 2 Common 4 16 4 8 16 2

Referring to [Equation 1], for two aggregation levels, L=4 and L=8, Y_(k) is set to 0 in the CSS, whereas Y_(k) is defined by [Equation 2] for aggregation level L in the USS.

Y _(k)=(A·Y _(k-1))mod D  [Equation 2]

where Y⁻¹=nRNTI≠0 indicating an RNTI value. A=39827 and D=65537.

1.3. PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)

PUCCH may include the following formats to transmit control information.

(1) Format 1: On-Off keying (OOK) modulation, used for SR (Scheduling Request)

(2) Format 1a & 1b: Used for ACK/NACK transmission

-   -   1) Format 1a: BPSK ACK/NACK for 1 codeword     -   2) Format 1b: QPSK ACK/NACK for 2 codewords

(3) Format 2: QPSK modulation, used for CQI transmission

(4) Format 2a & Format 2b: Used for simultaneous transmission of CQI and ACK/NACK

(5) Format 3: Used for multiple ACK/NACK transmission in a carrier aggregation environment

[Table 6] shows a modulation scheme according to PUCCH format and the number of bits per subframe. [Table 7] shows the number of reference signals (RS) per slot according to PUCCH format. [Table 8] shows SC-FDMA symbol location of RS (reference signal) according to PUCCH format. In [Table 6], PUCCH format 2a and PUCCH format 2b correspond to a case of normal Cyclic Prefix (CP).

TABLE 6 PUCCH Modulation No. of bits per format scheme subframe, Mbit 1  N/A N/A 1a BPSK 1 1b QPSK 2 2  QPSK 20 2a QPSK + BPSK 21 2b QPSK + BPSK 22 3  QPSK 48

TABLE 7 PUCCH Normal Extended format CP CP 1, 1a, 1b 3 2 2, 3 2 1 2a, 2b 2 N/A

TABLE 8 SC-FDMA symbol location of RS PUCCH Normal Extended format CP CP 1, 1a, 1b 2, 3, 4 2, 3 2, 3 1, 5 3 2a, 2b 1, 5 N/A

FIG. 6 shows PUCCH formats 1a and 1b in case of a normal cyclic prefix. And, FIG. 7 shows PUCCH formats 1a and 1b in case of an extended cyclic prefix.

According to the PUCCH formats 1a and 1b, control information of the same content is repeated in a subframe by slot unit. In each UE, ACK/NACK signal is transmitted on a different resource constructed with a different Cyclic Shift (CS) (frequency domain code) and an Orthogonal Cover (OC) or Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) (time domain spreading code) of CG-CAZAC (computer-generated constant amplitude zero auto correlation) sequence. For instance, the OC includes Walsh/DFT orthogonal code. If the number of CS and the number of OC are 6 and 3, respectively, total 18 UEs may be multiplexed within the same PRB (physical resource block) with reference to a single antenna. Orthogonal sequences w0, w1, w2 and w3 may be applicable to a random time domain (after FFT modulation) or a random frequency domain (before FFT modulation).

For persistent scheduling with SR, ACK/NACK resource constructed with CS, OC and Physical resource Block (PRB) may be allocated to a UE through Radio Resource Control (RRC). For non-persistent scheduling with dynamic ACK/NACK, the ACK/NACK resource may be implicitly allocated to a UE using a smallest CCE index of PDCCH corresponding to PDSCH.

Length-4 orthogonal sequence (OC) and length-3 orthogonal sequence for PUCCH format 1/1a/1b are shown in [Table 9] and [Table 10], respectively.

TABLE 9 Sequence index Orthogonal sequences n_(oc) (n_(s)) [w(0) . . . w(N_(SF) ^(PUCCH) − 1)] 0 [+1 +1 +1 +1] 1 [+1 −1 +1 −1] 2 [+1 −1 −1 +1]

TABLE 10 Sequence index Orthogonal sequences n_(oc) (n_(s)) [w(0) . . . w(N_(SF) ^(PUCCH) − 1)] 0 [1 1 1] 1 [1 e^(j2π/3) e^(j4π/3)] 2 [1 e^(j4π/3) e^(j2π/3)]

Orthogonal sequence (OC) [w(0) . . . w(N_(RS) ^(PUCCH)−1)] for a reference signal in PUCCH format 1/1a/1b is shown in [Table 11].

TABLE 11 Sequence index Normal Extended n _(oc) (n_(s)) cyclic prefix cyclic prefix 0 [1 1 1] [1 1] 1 [1 e^(j2π/3) e^(j4π/3)] [1 −1] 2 [1 e^(j4π/3) e^(j2π/3)] N/A

FIG. 8 shows PUCCH format 2/2a/2b in case of a normal cyclic prefix. And, FIG. 9 shows PUCCH format 2/2a/2b in case of an extended cyclic prefix.

Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in case of a normal CP, a subframe is constructed with 10 QPSK data symbols as well as RS symbol. Each QPSK symbol is spread in a frequency domain by CS and is then mapped to a corresponding SC-FDMA symbol. SC-FDMA symbol level CS hopping may be applied to randomize inter-cell interference. The RS may be multiplexed by CDM using a cyclic shift. For instance, assuming that the number of available CSs is 12, 12 UEs may be multiplexed in the same PRB. For instance, assuming that the number of available CSs is 6, 6 UEs may be multiplexed in the same PRB. In brief, a plurality of UEs in PUCCH format 1/1a/1b and PUCCH format 2/2a/2b may be multiplexed by ‘CS+OC+PRB’ and ‘CS+PRB’, respectively.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of ACK/NACK channelization for PUCCH formats 1a and 1b. In particular, FIG. 10 corresponds to a case of ‘Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH)=2’

FIG. 11 is a diagram of channelization for a hybrid structure of PUCCH format 1/1a/1b and PUCCH format 2/2a/2b.

Cyclic Shift (CS) hopping and OC remapping may be applicable in a following manner.

(1) Symbol-based cell-specific CS hopping for randomization of inter-cell interference

(2) Slot level CS/OC remapping

-   -   1) For inter-cell interference randomization     -   2) Slot based access for mapping between ACK/NACK channel and         resource (k)

Meanwhile, resource n_(r) for PUCCH format 1/1a/1b may include the following combinations.

(1) CS (=equal to DFT orthogonal code at symbol level) (n_(cs))

(2) OC (orthogonal cover at slot level) (n_(oc))

(3) Frequency RB (Resource Block) (n_(rb))

If indexes indicating CS, OC and RB are set to n_(cs), n_(oc), n_(rb), respectively, a representative index n_(r) may include n_(cs), n_(oc) and n_(rb). In this case, the n_(r) may meet the condition of ‘n_(r)=(n_(cs), n_(oc), n_(rb))’.

The combination of CQI, PMI, RI, CQI and ACK/NACK may be delivered through the PUCCH format 2/2a/2b. And, Reed Muller (RM) channel coding may be applicable.

For instance, channel coding for UL (uplink) CQI in LTE system may be described as follows. First of all, bitstreams a₀, a₁, a₂, a₃, . . . , a_(A-1) may be coded using (20, A) RM code. In this case, a₀ and a_(A-1) indicates MSB (Most Significant Bit) and LSB (Least Significant Bit), respectively. In case of an extended cyclic prefix, maximum information bits include 11 bits except a case that QI and ACK/NACK are simultaneously transmitted. After coding has been performed with 20 bits using the RM code, QPSK modulation may be applied. Before the BPSK modulation, coded bits may be scrambled.

[Table 12] shows a basic sequence for (20, A) code.

TABLE 12 i M_(i, 0) M_(i, 1) M_(i, 2) M_(i, 3) M_(i, 4) M_(i, 5) M_(i, 6) M_(i, 7) M_(i, 8) M_(i, 9) M_(i, 10) M_(i, 11) M_(i, 12) 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 5 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 6 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 8 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 9 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 10 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 12 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 14 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 15 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 16 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 17 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 18 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Channel coding bits b₀, b₁, b₂, b₃, . . . , b_(B-1) may be generated by [Equation 1].

$\begin{matrix} {b_{i} = {\sum\limits_{n = 0}^{A - 1}\; {\left( {a_{n} \cdot M_{i,n}} \right){mod}\; 2}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 3} \right\rbrack \end{matrix}$

In [Equation 3], ‘i=0, 1, 2, . . . , B−1’ is met.

In case of wideband repots, a bandwidth of Uplink Control Information) field for CQI/PMI can be represented as Tables 8 to 10 in the following.

[Table 13] shows UCI field for broadband report (single antenna port, transmit diversity) or open loop spatial multiplexing PDSCH CQI feedback.

TABLE 13 Field Bandwidth Broadband CQI 4

[Table 14] shows UL control information (UCI) field for CQI and PMI feedback in case of wideband reports (closed loop spatial multiplexing PDSCH transmission).

TABLE 14 Bandwidth 2 antenna ports 4 antenna ports Field rank = 1 rank = 2 rank = 1 Rank > 1 Wideband CQI 4 4 4 4 Spatial 0 3 0 3 differential CQI Precoding Matrix 2 1 4 4 Indication

[Table 15] shows UL Control Information (UCI) field for RI feedback in case of wideband reports.

TABLE 15 Bit widths 4 antenna ports Field 2 antenna ports Max. 2 layers Max. 4 layers Rank Indication 1 1 2

FIG. 12 is a diagram for PRB allocation. Referring to FIG. 20, PRB may be usable for PUCCH transmission in a slot n_(s).

2. Carrier Aggregation (CA) Environment

2.1 CA Overview

A 3GPP LTE system (conforming to Rel-8 or Rel-9) (hereinafter, referred to as an LTE system) uses Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) in which a single Component Carrier (CC) is divided into a plurality of bands. In contrast, a 3GPP LTE-A system (hereinafter, referred to an LTE-A system) may use CA by aggregating one or more CCs to support a broader system bandwidth than the LTE system. The term CA is interchangeably used with carrier combining, multi-CC environment, or multi-carrier environment.

In the present disclosure, multi-carrier means CA (or carrier combining). Herein, CA covers aggregation of contiguous carriers and aggregation of non-contiguous carriers. The number of aggregated CCs may be different for a DL and a UL. If the number of DL CCs is equal to the number of UL CCs, this is called symmetric aggregation. If the number of DL CCs is different from the number of UL CCs, this is called asymmetric aggregation. The term CA is interchangeable with carrier combining, bandwidth aggregation, spectrum aggregation, etc.

The LTE-A system aims to support a bandwidth of up to 100 MHz by aggregating two or more CCs, that is, by CA. To guarantee backward compatibility with a legacy IMT system, each of one or more carriers, which has a smaller bandwidth than a target bandwidth, may be limited to a bandwidth used in the legacy system.

For example, the legacy 3GPP LTE system supports bandwidths {1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz} and the 3GPP LTE-A system may support a broader bandwidth than 20 MHz using these LTE bandwidths. A CA system of the present disclosure may support CA by defining a new bandwidth irrespective of the bandwidths used in the legacy system.

There are two types of CA, intra-band CA and inter-band CA. Intra-band CA means that a plurality of DL CCs and/or UL CCs are successive or adjacent in frequency. In other words, the carrier frequencies of the DL CCs and/or UL CCs are positioned in the same band. On the other hand, an environment where CCs are far away from each other in frequency may be called inter-band CA. In other words, the carrier frequencies of a plurality of DL CCs and/or UL CCs are positioned in different bands. In this case, a UE may use a plurality of Radio Frequency (RF) ends to conduct communication in a CA environment.

The LTE-A system adopts the concept of cell to manage radio resources. The above-described CA environment may be referred to as a multi-cell environment. A cell is defined as a pair of DL and UL CCs, although the UL resources are not mandatory. Accordingly, a cell may be configured with DL resources alone or DL and UL resources.

For example, if one serving cell is configured for a specific UE, the UE may have one DL CC and one UL CC. If two or more serving cells are configured for the UE, the UE may have as many DL CCs as the number of the serving cells and as many UL CCs as or fewer UL CCs than the number of the serving cells, or vice versa. That is, if a plurality of serving cells are configured for the UE, a CA environment using more UL CCs than DL CCs may also be supported.

CA may be regarded as aggregation of two or more cells having different carrier frequencies (center frequencies). Herein, the term ‘cell’ should be distinguished from ‘cell’ as a geographical area covered by an eNB. Hereinafter, intra-band CA is referred to as intra-band multi-cell and inter-band CA is referred to as inter-band multi-cell.

In the LTE-A system, a Primacy Cell (PCell) and a Secondary Cell (SCell) are defined. A PCell and an SCell may be used as serving cells. For a UE in RRC_CONNECTED state, if CA is not configured for the UE or the UE does not support CA, a single serving cell including only a PCell exists for the UE. On the contrary, if the UE is in RRC_CONNECTED state and CA is configured for the UE, one or more serving cells may exist for the UE, including a PCell and one or more SCells.

Serving cells (PCell and SCell) may be configured by an RRC parameter. A physical-layer ID of a cell, PhysCellId is an integer value ranging from 0 to 503. A short ID of an SCell, SCellIndex is an integer value ranging from 1 to 7. A short ID of a serving cell (PCell or SCell), ServeCellIndex is an integer value ranging from 1 to 7. If ServeCellIndex is 0, this indicates a PCell and the values of ServeCellIndex for SCells are pre-assigned. That is, the smallest cell ID (or cell index) of ServeCellIndex indicates a PCell.

A PCell refers to a cell operating in a primary frequency (or a primary CC). A UE may use a PCell for initial connection establishment or connection reestablishment. The PCell may be a cell indicated during handover. In addition, the PCell is a cell responsible for control-related communication among serving cells configured in a CA environment. That is, PUCCH allocation and transmission for the UE may take place only in the PCell. In addition, the UE may use only the PCell in acquiring system information or changing a monitoring procedure. An Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) may change only a PCell for a handover procedure by a higher layer RRCConnectionReconfiguraiton message including mobilityControlInfo to a UE supporting CA.

An SCell may refer to a cell operating in a secondary frequency (or a secondary CC). Although only one PCell is allocated to a specific UE, one or more SCells may be allocated to the UE. An SCell may be configured after RRC connection establishment and may be used to provide additional radio resources. There is no PUCCH in cells other than a PCell, that is, in SCells among serving cells configured in the CA environment.

When the E-UTRAN adds an SCell to a UE supporting CA, the E-UTRAN may transmit all system information related to operations of related cells in RRC_CONNECTED state to the UE by dedicated signaling. Changing system information may be controlled by releasing and adding a related SCell. Herein, a higher layer RRCConnectionReconfiguration message may be used. The E-UTRAN may transmit a dedicated signal having a different parameter for each cell rather than it broadcasts in a related SCell.

After an initial security activation procedure starts, the E-UTRAN may configure a network including one or more SCells by adding the SCells to a PCell initially configured during a connection establishment procedure. In the CA environment, each of a PCell and an SCell may operate as a CC. Hereinbelow, a Primary CC (PCC) and a PCell may be used in the same meaning and a Secondary CC (SCC) and an SCell may be used in the same meaning in embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of CCs and CA in the LTE-A system, which are used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13(a) illustrates a single carrier structure in the LTE system. There are a DL CC and a UL CC and one CC may have a frequency range of 20 MHz.

FIG. 13(b) illustrates a CA structure in the LTE-A system. In the illustrated case of FIG. 13(b), three CCs each having 20 MHz are aggregated. While three DL CCs and three UL CCs are configured, the numbers of DL CCs and UL CCs are not limited. In CA, a UE may monitor three CCs simultaneously, receive a DL signal/DL data in the three CCs, and transmit a UL signal/UL data in the three CCs.

If a specific cell manages N DL CCs, the network may allocate M (M≦N) DL CCs to a UE. The UE may monitor only the M DL CCs and receive a DL signal in the M DL CCs. The network may prioritize L (L≦M≦N) DL CCs and allocate a main DL CC to the UE. In this case, the UE should monitor the L DL CCs. The same thing may apply to UL transmission.

The linkage between the carrier frequencies of DL resources (or DL CCs) and the carrier frequencies of UL resources (or UL CCs) may be indicated by a higher layer message such as an RRC message or by system information. For example, a set of DL resources and UL resources may be configured based on linkage indicated by System Information Block Type 2 (SIB2). Specifically, DL-UL linkage may refer to a mapping relationship between a DL CC carrying a PDCCH with a UL grant and a UL CC using the UL grant, or a mapping relationship between a DL CC (or a UL CC) carrying HARQ data and a UL CC (or a DL CC) carrying an HARQ ACK/NACK signal.

2.2 Cross Carrier Scheduling

Two scheduling schemes, self-scheduling and cross carrier scheduling are defined for a CA system, from the perspective of carriers or serving cells. Cross carrier scheduling may be called cross CC scheduling or cross cell scheduling.

In self-scheduling, a PDCCH (carrying a DL grant) and a PDSCH are transmitted in the same DL CC or a PUSCH is transmitted in a UL CC linked to a DL CC in which a PDCCH (carrying a UL grant) is received.

In cross carrier scheduling, a PDCCH (carrying a DL grant) and a PDSCH are transmitted in different DL CCs or a PUSCH is transmitted in a UL CC other than a UL CC linked to a DL CC in which a PDCCH (carrying a UL grant) is received.

Cross carrier scheduling may be activated or deactivated UE-specifically and indicated to each UE semi-statically by higher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling).

If cross carrier scheduling is activated, a Carrier Indicator Field (CIF) is required in a PDCCH to indicate a DL/UL CC in which a PDSCH/PUSCH indicated by the PDCCH is to be transmitted. For example, the PDCCH may allocate PDSCH resources or PUSCH resources to one of a plurality of CCs by the CIF. That is, when a PDCCH of a DL CC allocates PDSCH or PUSCH resources to one of aggregated DL/UL CCs, a CIF is set in the PDCCH. In this case, the DCI formats of LTE Release-8 may be extended according to the CIF. The CIF may be fixed to three bits and the position of the CIF may be fixed irrespective of a DCI format size. In addition, the LTE Release-8 PDCCH structure (the same coding and resource mapping based on the same CCEs) may be reused.

On the other hand, if a PDCCH transmitted in a DL CC allocates PDSCH resources of the same DL CC or allocates PUSCH resources in a single UL CC linked to the DL CC, a CIF is not set in the PDCCH. In this case, the LTE Release-8 PDCCH structure (the same coding and resource mapping based on the same CCEs) may be used.

If cross carrier scheduling is available, a UE needs to monitor a plurality of PDCCHs for DCI in the control region of a monitoring CC according to the transmission mode and/or bandwidth of each CC. Accordingly, an appropriate SS configuration and PDCCH monitoring are needed for the purpose.

In the CA system, a UE DL CC set is a set of DL CCs scheduled for a UE to receive a PDSCH, and a UE UL CC set is a set of UL CCs scheduled for a UE to transmit a PUSCH. A PDCCH monitoring set is a set of one or more DL CCs in which a PDCCH is monitored. The PDCCH monitoring set may be identical to the UE DL CC set or may be a subset of the UE DL CC set. The PDCCH monitoring set may include at least one of the DL CCs of the UE DL CC set. Or the PDCCH monitoring set may be defined irrespective of the UE DL CC set. DL CCs included in the PDCCH monitoring set may be configured to always enable self-scheduling for UL CCs linked to the DL CCs. The UE DL CC set, the UE UL CC set, and the PDCCH monitoring set may be configured UE-specifically, UE group-specifically, or cell-specifically.

If cross carrier scheduling is deactivated, this implies that the PDCCH monitoring set is always identical to the UE DL CC set. In this case, there is no need for signaling the PDCCH monitoring set. However, if cross carrier scheduling is activated, the PDCCH monitoring set may be defined within the UE DL CC set. That is, the eNB transmits a PDCCH only in the PDCCH monitoring set to schedule a PDSCH or PUSCH for the UE.

FIG. 14 illustrates a cross carrier-scheduled subframe structure in the LTE-A system, which is used in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14, three DL CCs are aggregated for a DL subframe for LTE-A UEs. DL CC ‘A’ is configured as a PDCCH monitoring DL CC. If a CIF is not used, each DL CC may deliver a PDCCH that schedules a PDSCH in the same DL CC without a CIF. On the other hand, if the CIF is used by higher layer signaling, only DL CC ‘A’ may carry a PDCCH that schedules a PDSCH in the same DL CC ‘A’ or another CC. Herein, no PDCCH is transmitted in DL CC ‘B’ and DL CC ‘C’ that are not configured as PDCCH monitoring DL CCs.

FIG. 15 is conceptual diagram illustrating a construction of serving cells according to cross-carrier scheduling.

Referring to FIG. 15, an eNB (or BS) and/or UEs for use in a radio access system supporting carrier aggregation (CA) may include one or more serving cells. In FIG. 8, the eNB can support a total of four serving cells (cells A, B, C and D). It is assumed that UE A may include Cells (A, B, C), UE B may include Cells (B, C, D), and UE C may include Cell B. In this case, at least one of cells of each UE may be composed of P Cell. In this case, P Cell is always activated, and S Cell may be activated or deactivated by the eNB and/or UE.

The cells shown in FIG. 15 may be configured per UE. The above-mentioned cells selected from among cells of the eNB, cell addition may be applied to carrier aggregation (CA) on the basis of a measurement report message received from the UE. The configured cell may reserve resources for ACK/NACK message transmission in association with PDSCH signal transmission. The activated cell is configured to actually transmit a PDSCH signal and/or a PUSCH signal from among the configured cells, and is configured to transmit CSI reporting and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission. The deactivated cell is configured not to transmit/receive PDSCH/PUSCH signals by an eNB command or a timer operation, and CRS reporting and SRS transmission are interrupted.

2.3 CA PUCCH (Carrier Aggregation Physical Uplink Control Channel)

In a wireless communication system supportive of carrier aggregation, PUCCH format for feeding back UCI (e.g., multi-ACK/NACK bit) can be defined. For clarity of the following description, such PUCCH format shall be named CA PUCCH format.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for one example of a signal processing process of CA PUCCH.

Referring to FIG. 16, a channel coding block generates coding bits (e.g., encoded bits, coded bits, etc.) (or codeword) b_0, b_1, . . . and b_N−1 by channel-coding information bits a_0, a_1, . . . and a_M−1 (e.g., multiple ACK/NACK bits). In this case, the M indicates a size of information bits and the N indicates a size of the coding bits. The information bits may include multiple ACK/NACK for UL control information (UCI), e.g., a plurality of data (or PDSCH) received via a plurality of DL CCS. In this case, the information bits a_0, a_1, . . . a_M−1 may be joint-coded irrespective of type/number/size of the UCI configuring the information bits. For instance, in case that information bits include multiple ACK/NACK for a plurality of DL CCs, channel coding may not be performed per DL CC or individual ACK/NACK bit but may be performed on all bit information, from which a single codeword may be generated. And, channel coding is non-limited by this. Moreover, the channel coding may include one of simplex repetition, simplex coding, Reed Muller (RM) coding, punctured RM coding, Tail-Biting Convolutional Coding (TBCC), Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC), turbo coding and the like. Besides, coding bits may be rate-matched in consideration of a modulation order and a resource size (not shown in the drawing). A rate matching function may be included as a part of the channel coding block or may be performed via a separate function block.

A modulator generates modulated symbols c_0, c_1 . . . c_L−1 by modulating coding bits b_0, b_1 . . . b_N−1. In this case, the L indicates a size of modulated symbol. This modulation scheme may be performed in a manner of modifying a size and phase of a transmission signal. For instance, the modulation scheme may include one of n-ary Phase Shift Keying (n-PSK), n-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (n-QAM) and the like, where n is an integer equal to or greater than 2. In particular, the modulation scheme may include one of Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 8-PSK, QAM, 16-QAM, 64-QAM and the like.

A divider divides the modulated symbols c_0, c_1 . . . c_L−1 to slots, respectively. A sequence/pattern/scheme for dividing the modulated symbols to the slots may be specially non-limited. For instance, the divider may be able to divide the modulated symbols to the corresponding slots in order from a head to tail (Localized scheme). In doing so, as shown in the drawing, the modulated symbols c_0, c_1 . . . c_L/2−1 may be divided to the slot 0 and the modulated symbols c_L/2, c_L/2+1 . . . c_L−1 may be divided to the slot 1. Moreover, the modulated symbols may be divided to the corresponding slots, respectively, by interleaving or permutation. For instance, the even-numbered modulated symbol may be divided to the slot 0, while the odd-numbered modulated symbol may be divided to the slot 1. The modulation scheme and the dividing scheme may be switched to each other in order.

A DFT precoder may perform DFT precoding (e.g., 12-point DFT) on the modulated symbols divided to the corresponding slots to generate a single carrier waveform. Referring to the drawing, the modulated symbols c_0, c_1 . . . c_L/2−1 divided to the corresponding slot 0 may be DFT-precoded into DFT symbols d_0, d_1 . . . d_L/2−1, and the modulated symbols c_L/2, c_L/2+1 . . . c_L−1 divided to the slot 1 may be DFT-precoded into DFT symbols d_L/2, d_L/2+1 . . . d_L−1. Moreover, the DFT precoding may be replaced by another linear operation (e.g., Walsh precoding) corresponding thereto.

A spreading block may spread the DFT-performed signal at SC-FDMA symbols level (e.g., time domain). The time-domain spreading at the SC-FDMA level may be performed using a spreading code (sequence). The spreading code may include pseudo orthogonal code and orthogonal code. The pseudo orthogonal code may include PN (pseudo noise) code, by which the pseudo orthogonal code may be non-limited. The orthogonal code may include Walsh code and DFT code, by which the orthogonal code may be non-limited. The orthogonal code (OC) may be interchangeably used with one of an orthogonal sequence, an OC and an OCC. In this specification, for example, the orthogonal code may be mainly described as a representative example of the spreading code for clarity and convenience of the following description. Optionally, the orthogonal code may be substituted with the pseudo orthogonal code. A maximum value of a spreading code size (or a Spreading Factor (SF)) may be limited by the number of SC-FDAM symbols used for control information transmission. For example, in case that 5 SC-FDMA symbols are used in one slot for control information transmission, orthogonal codes (or pseudo orthogonal codes) w0, w1, w2, w3 and w4 of length 5 may be used per slot. The SF may mean a spreading degree of the control information and may be associated with a multiplexing order or an antenna multiplexing order of a UE. The SF may be variable like 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 . . . depending on a requirement of a system. The SF may be defined in advance between a base station and a UE. And, the SF may be notified to a UE via DCI or RRC signaling.

The signal generated through the above-described process may be mapped to subcarrier within the PRB and may be then transformed into a time-domain signal through IFFT. CP may be attached to the time-domain signal. The generated SC-FDMA symbol may be then transmitted through an RF stage.

3. Method for Feeding Back Channel State Information (CSI)

3.1 Channel State Information (CSI)

First of all, in the 3GPP LTE system, when a DL reception entity (e.g., a UE) is connected to a DL transmission entity (e.g., a BS), the DL reception entity performs measurement on a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of a reference signal transmitted in DL, a quality of a reference signal (Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)) and the like at a random time and is then able to make a periodic or even-triggered report of a corresponding measurement result to the base station.

Each UE reports a DL channel information in accordance with a DL channel status via uplink. A base station is then able to determine time/frequency resources, Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) and the like appropriate for a data transmission to each UE using the DL channel information received from the each UE.

Such CSI may include Channel Quality Indication (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMIC), Precoder Type Indication (PTI) and/or Rank Indication (RI). In particular, the CSI may be transmitted entirely or partially depending on a transmission mode of each UE. CQI is determined based on a received signal quality of a UE, which may be generally determined on the basis of a measurement of a DL reference signal. In doing so, a CQI value actually delivered to a base station may correspond to an MCS capable of providing maximum performance by maintaining a Block Error Rate (BLER) under 10% in the received signal quality measured by a UE.

This channel information reporting may be classified into a periodic report transmitted periodically and an aperiodic report transmitted in response to a request made by a base station.

In case of the aperiodic report, it is set for each UE by a 1-bit request bit (CQI request bit) contained in UL scheduling information downloaded to a UE by a base station. Having received this information, each UE is then able to deliver channel information to the base station via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in consideration of its transmission mode. And, it may set RI and CQI/PMI not to be transmitted on the same PUSCH.

In case of the periodic report, a period for transmitting channel information via an upper layer signal, an offset in the corresponding period and the like are signaled to each UE by subframe unit and channel information in consideration of a transmission mode of each UE may be delivered to a base station via a PUCCH in accordance with a determined period. In case that data transmitted in uplink simultaneously exists in a subframe in which channel information is transmitted by a determined period, the corresponding channel information may be transmitted together with the data not on the PUCCH but on a PUSCH. In case of the periodic report via PUCCH, bits (e.g., 11 bits) limited further than those of the PUSCH may be used. RI and CQI/PMI may be transmitted on the same PUSCH.

In case that contention occurs between the periodic report and the aperiodic report in the same subframe, only the aperiodic report can be performed.

In calculating Wideband CQI/PMI, a most recently transmitted RI may be usable. RI in a PUCCH CSI report mode is independent from RI in a PUSCH CSI report mode. The RI in the PUSCH CSI report mode is valid for CQI/PMI in the corresponding PUSCH CSI report mode only.

[Table 16] is provided to describe CSI feedback type transmitted on PUCCH and PUCCH CSI report mode.

TABLE 16 PMI Feedback Type No PMI (OL, TD, single-antenna) Single PMI (CL) CQI Wideband Mode 1-0 Mode 1-1 Feedback RI (only for Open-Loop SM) RI Type One Wideband CQI (4 bit) Wideband CQI (4 bit) when RI > 1, CQI of first codeword Wideband spatial CQI (3 bit) for RI > 1 Wideband PMI (4 bit) UE Mode 2-0 Mode 2-1 Selected RI (only for Open-Loop SM) RI Wideband CQI (4 bit) Wideband CQI (4 bit) Best-1 CQI (4 bit) in each BP Wideband spatial CQI (3 bit) for RI > 1 Best-1 indicator(L-bit label) Wideband PMI (4 bit) when RI > 1, CQI of first codeword Best-1 CQI (4 bit) 1 in each BP Best-1 spatial CQI (3 bit) for RI > 1 Best-1 indicator (L-bit label)

Referring to [Table 16], in the periodic report of channel information, there are 4 kinds of reporting modes (mode 1-0, mode 1-2, mode 2-0 and mode 2-1) in accordance with CQI and PMI feedback types.

CQI can be classified into WideBand (WB) CQI and SubBand (SB) CQI in accordance with CQI feedback type and PMI can be classified into No PMI or Single PMI in accordance with a presence or non-presence of PMI transmission. In [Table 11], No PMI corresponds to a case of Open-Loop (OL), Transmit Diversity (TD) and single-antenna, while Single PMI corresponds to a case of Closed-Loop (CL).

The mode 1-0 corresponds to a case that WB CQI is transmitted in the absence of PMI transmission. In this case, RI is transmitted only in case of OL Spatial Multiplexing (SM) and one WB CQI represented as 4 bits can be transmitted. If RI is greater than 1, CQI for a 1^(st) codeword can be transmitted.

The mode 1-1 corresponds to a case that a single PMI and WB CQI are transmitted. In this case, 4-bit WB CQI and 4-bit WB PMI can be transmitted together with RI transmission. Additionally, if RI is greater than 1, 3-bit WB spatial differential CQI can be transmitted. In 2-codeword transmission, the WB spatial differential CQI may indicate a difference value between a WB CQI index for codeword 1 and a WB CQI index for codeword 2. The difference value in-between may have a value selected from a set {-4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3} and can be represented as 3 bits.

The mode 2-0 corresponds to a case that CQI on a UE-selected band is transmitted in the absence of PMI transmission. In this case, RI is transmitted only in case of open-loop SM and a WB CQI represented as 4 bits may be transmitted. A best CQI (best-1) is transmitted on each Bandwidth Part (BP) and the best-1 CQI may be represented as 4 bits. And, an L-bit indicator indicating the best-1 may be transmitted together. If the RI is greater than 1, a CQI for a 1^(st) codeword can be transmitted.

And, the mode 2-1 corresponds to a case that a single PMI and a CQI on a UE-selected band are transmitted. In this case, together with RI transmission, 4-bit WB CQI, 3-bit WB spiral differential CQI and 4-bit WB PMI can be transmitted. Additionally, 4-bit best-1 CQI is transmitted on each BP and L-bit best-1 indicator can be transmitted together. Additionally, if RI is greater than 1, 3-bit best-1 spatial differential CQI can be transmitted. In 2-codeword transmission, it may indicate a difference value between a best-1 CQI index of codeword 1 and a best-1 CQI index of codeword 2.

For the transmission modes, periodic PUCCH CSI report modes are supported as follows.

1) Transmission mode 1: Modes 1-0 and 2-0

2) Transmission mode 2: Modes 1-0 and 2-0

3) Transmission mode 3: Modes 1-0 and 2-0

4) Transmission mode 4: Modes 1-1 and 2-1

5) Transmission mode 5: Modes 1-1 and 2-1

6) Transmission mode 6: Modes 1-1 and 2-1

7) Transmission mode 7: Modes 1-0 and 2-0

8) Transmission mode 8: Modes 1-1 and 2-1 if a UE is set to make a PMI/RI reporting, or Modes 1-0 and 2-0 if a UE is set not to make a PMI/RI reporting

9) Transmission mode 9: Modes 1-1 and 2-1 if a UE is set to make a PMI/RI reporting and the number of CSI-RS ports is greater than 1, or Modes 1-0 and 2-0 if a UE is set not to make a PMI/RI reporting and the number of CSI-RS port(s) is equal to 1.

The periodic PUCCH CSIU reporting mode in each serving cell is set by upper layer signaling. And, the mode 1-1 is set to either submode 1 or submode 2 by an upper layer signaling using a parameter ‘PUCCH_format1-1_CSI_reporting_mode’.

A CQI reporting in a specific subframe of a specific serving cell in a UE-selected SB CQI means a measurement of at least one channel state of a BP corresponding to a portion of a bandwidth of a serving cell. An index is given to the bandwidth part in a frequency increasing order starting with a lowest frequency without an increment of a bandwidth.

3.2 CSI Feedback Method

In an LTE system, an open-loop MIMO scheme operated without channel information and a closed-loop MIMO scheme operated based on channel information are used. Especially, according to the closed-loop MIMO scheme, each of a transmitter and a receiver may be able to perform beamforming based on channel information (e.g., CSI) to obtain a multiplexing gain of MIMO antennas. To obtain CSI, the eNB allocates a PUCCH or a PUSCH to the UE and instructs the UE to feed back CSI of a downlink channel.

CSI includes RI information, Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) information, and CQI information. First, RI indicates rank information of a channel and means the number of data streams that can be received by the UE via the same frequency-time resource. Since RI is dominantly determined by long-term fading of a channel, this may be generally fed back from the UE to the eNB at a cycle longer than that of PMI or CQI. PMI is a value to which the spatial characteristic of a channel is reflected. PMI indicates a precoding index of the eNB preferred by the UE based on a metric of Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). Lastly, CQI is information indicating the strength of a channel and generally indicates a reception SINR obtainable when the eNB uses PMI.

In an advanced system such as an LTE-A system, a method for obtaining additional multi-user diversity using Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) was added. Higher accuracy is required in terms of channel feedback. Since an interference channel exists between UEs multiplexed in an antenna domain in MU-MIMO, the accuracy of CSI may significantly affect interference with other multiplexed UEs as well as a UE for performing feedback. Accordingly, in an LTE-A system, in order to increase accuracy of a feedback channel, a final PMI has been determined to be separately designed as a long-term and/or wideband PMI, W1, and a short-term and/or subband PMI, W2.

The eNB can transform a codebook using a long-term covariance matrix of a channel as shown in Equation 4 below as an example of a hierarchical codebook transformation method configuring one final PMI from two types of channel information such as W1 and W2.

W=norm(W1W2)  [Equation 4]

In Equation 4, W1 (that is, long-term PMI) and W2 (that is, short-term PMI) denote codewords of a codebook generated in order to reflect channel information, W denotes a codeword of a final transformed codebook, and norm(A) denotes a matrix obtained by normalizing the norm of each column of a matrix A to 1.

In Equation 4, the structures of W1 and W2 are shown in Equation 5 below.

$\begin{matrix} {{{W\; 1(i)} = \begin{bmatrix} X_{i} & 0 \\ 0 & X_{i} \end{bmatrix}},{{{where}\mspace{14mu} X_{i}\mspace{14mu} {is}\mspace{14mu} {{Nt}/2}\mspace{14mu} {by}\mspace{14mu} M\mspace{14mu} {{matrix}.W}\; 2(j)} = {\overset{\overset{r\mspace{14mu} {columns}}{}}{\begin{bmatrix} e_{M}^{k} & e_{M}^{l} & \; & e_{M}^{m} \\ {\alpha_{j}e_{M}^{k}} & {\beta_{j}e_{M}^{l}} & \ldots & {\gamma_{j}e_{M}^{m}} \end{bmatrix}}\mspace{14mu} \left( {{{if}\mspace{14mu} {rank}} = r} \right)}},{{{where}\mspace{14mu} 1} \leq k},l,{m \leq {M\mspace{14mu} {and}\mspace{14mu} k}},l,{m\mspace{14mu} {are}\mspace{14mu} {{integer}.}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 5} \right\rbrack \end{matrix}$

The codeword structures of W1 and W2 shown in Equation 5 are designed by reflecting correlation characteristics of the channel generated when a cross-polarized antenna is used and a gap between antennas is narrow (e.g., a distance between adjacent antennas is equal to or less than half a signal wavelength).

The cross-polarized antennas may be divided into a horizontal antenna group and a vertical antenna group. At this time, each antenna group has a uniform linear array (ULA) antenna property and two antenna groups are co-located. Accordingly, the correlations between antennas in each group have the same linear phase increment property and the correlation between the antenna groups has a phase rotation property.

Since a codebook is a value obtained by quantizing radio channels, a codebook may be designed by reflecting the characteristics of a channel corresponding to a source without change. Equation 6 below shows an example of a rank-1 codeword designed using the structures of Equations 4 and 5, for convenience of description. Referring to Equation 6, it can be seen that such channel properties are reflected to the codeword satisfying Equation 4.

$\begin{matrix} {{W\; 1(i)*W\; 2(j)} = \begin{bmatrix} {X_{i}(k)} \\ {\alpha_{j}{X_{i}(k)}} \end{bmatrix}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 6} \right\rbrack \end{matrix}$

In Equation 6, a codeword is expressed as an N_(t) (that is, the number of transmit antennas)×1 vector. At this time, Equation 6 is composed of an upper vector X_(i)(k) and a lower vector a_(j)X_(i)(k), which respectively represent the correlation characteristics of the horizontal and vertical antenna groups. At this time, X_(i)(k) is expressed as a vector having the linear phase increment property by reflecting the correlation characteristics between antenna groups. A representative example thereof includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix.

In addition, higher channel accuracy is necessary for CoMP. For example, CoMP joint transmission (JP) may be theoretically regarded as a MIMO system in which antennas are geographically distributed, because several eNBs cooperatively transmit the same data to a specific UE. That is, even when MU-MIMO is implemented in JT, very high channel accuracy is required to avoid interference between UEs scheduled together, similarly to single cell MU-MIMO operation. Even in CoMP Coordinated Beamforming (CB), precise channel information is required to avoid interference with a serving cell caused by a neighbor cell.

3.3 UE Operation for CSI Reporting

Time and frequency resources used by the UE to report CSI including CQI, PMI, PTI and/or RI are scheduled by the eNB. For SM, the UE shall determine RI corresponding to the number of transmission layers. For transmit diversity, the UE sets RI to 1.

A UE in transmission mode 8 or 9 is configured with or without PMI/RI reporting by a higher layer parameter pmi-RI-report. A UE is configured with resource-restricted CSI measurements if subframe sets C_(CSI,0) and C_(CSI,1) are configured by a higher layer.

When a UE is configured with one or more serving cells, the UE performs a CSI reporting only for activated serving cells. When the UE is not configured for simultaneous PUSCH and PUCCH transmission, the UE periodically performs CSI reporting on the PUCCH in the subframe with no PUSCH allocation. When the UE is not configured for simultaneous PUSCH and PUCCH transmission, the UE performs periodic CSI reporting in a subframe to which the PUSCH of a serving cell having a smallest serving cell index ServCellIndex is allocated. At this time, the UE uses the same format as the PUCCH-based periodic CSI reporting format on the PUSCH. Under a predetermined condition, the UE transmits periodic CSI reporting on the PUSCH. For example, for aperiodic CQI/PMI reporting, RI reporting is transmitted only when the configured CSI feedback type supports RI reporting.

In addition, even when the UE periodically performs CSI reporting, the UE may aperiodically perform CSI reporting when UL grant, in which a CSI request field is set, is received from the eNB.

3.3.1 Aperiodic CSI Reporting Using PUSCH

The UE performs aperiodic CSI reporting using the PUSCH in a subframe n+k, upon receiving an uplink DCI format (that is, UL grant) or random access response grant, in which a CSI request field is set, in a subframe n of a serving cell c. When the CSI request field has 1 bit and is set to “1”, the CSI reporting request is triggered for the serving cell c. When the CSI request field has 2 bits, the CSI reporting request is triggered according to [Table 17] below.

TABLE 17 Value of CSI request field Description ‘00’ No aperiodic CSI report is triggered ‘01’ Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for serving cell c ‘10’ Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 1^(st) set of serving cells configured by higher layers ‘11’ Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 2^(nd) set of serving cells configured by higher layers

In [Table 17], the CSI request field set to “00” indicates that no aperiodic CSI report is triggered, “01” indicates that the aperiodic CSI report is triggered for the serving cell c, “10” indicates that the aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a first set of serving cells configured by higher layers, and “11” indicates that the aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a second set of serving cells configured by higher layers.

A UE is not expected to receive more than one aperiodic CSI report request for a given subframe.

[Table 18] below lists reporting modes for CSI transmission on a PUSCH.

TABLE 18 PMI feedback type No Single Multiple PMI PMI PMI PUSCH Wideband Mode CQI (wideband CQI) 1-2 feedback UE Selected Mode Mode type (subband CQI) 2-0 2-2 Higher Mode Mode Layer-configured 3-0 3-1 (subband CQI)

Transmission modes listed in [Table 18] are selected by a higher layer, and a CQI, a PMI, and an RI are transmitted in the same PUSCH subframe. A detailed description will be given of each reporting mode.

1-1) Mode 1-2

A UE selects a precoding matrix for each subband on the assumption that data is transmitted only in the subband. The UE generates CQI on the assumption of a previously selected precoding matrix for a system band or all bands (set S) indicated by the higher layer. Further, the UE transmits the CQI and a PMI for each subband. Herein, the size of each subband may vary with the size of the system band.

1-2) Mode 2-0

The UE selects M preferred subbands for a system band or a band (set S) indicated by the higher layer. The UE generates one CQI on the assumption that data is transmitted in the selected M subbands. The UE additionally generates one wideband CQI for the system band or the set S. If there are a plurality of codewords for the selected M subbands, the UE defines a CQI for each codeword as a differential value. Herein, differential CQIs are set to values obtained by subtracting a wideband CQI index from indexes corresponding to CQIs for the selected M subbands.

The UE transmits information about the positions of the selected M subbands, one CQI for the selected M subbands, and a CQI for the total band or the set S. Herein, the size of a subband and M may vary with the size of the system band.

1-3) Mode 2-2

The UE simultaneously selects the positions of M preferred subbands and a single precoding matrix for the M preferred subbands on the assumption that data is transmitted in the M preferred subbands. Herein, a CQI is defined per codeword for the M preferred subbands.

The UE additionally generates a wideband CQI for the system band or the set S.

The UE transmits information about the positions of the M preferred subbands, one CQI for the M selected subbands, a single precoding matrix index for the M preferred subbands, a wideband precoding matrix index, and a wideband CQI. Herein, the size of a subband and M may vary with the size of the system band.

1-4) Mode 3-0

The UE generates and reports a wideband CQI.

The UE generates a CQI for each subband on the assumption that data is transmitted in the subband. Herein, even though an RI >1, a CQI represents only a CQI value for a first codeword.

1-5) Mode 3-1

The UE generates a single precoding matrix for the system band or the set S.

The UE generates a subband CQI per codeword on the assumption of a previously generated single precoding matrix for each subband.

The UE generates a wideband CQI on the assumption of a single precoding matrix. Herein, a CQI for each subband is expressed as a differential value. For example, a subband CQI is defined as a value obtained by subtracting a wideband CQI index from a subband CQI index (Subband CQI=subband CQI index−wideband CQI index). Also, the size of a subband may vary with the size of the system band.

4. UCI Multiplexing Method of MTC UE

4.1 MTC UE

MTC refers to communication between machines without human intervention. MTC may diversify services and related terminals. At present, an MTC service field considered most promising is smart metering. A smart meter used for smart metering is at once a measuring device for measuring an amount of using electricity, water, gas, etc. and a transmission device for transmitting various related information through a communication network.

For example, the smart meter transmits an amount of using electricity, water, gas, etc. periodically or aperiodically to a management center through a communication network. The communication network may use a licensed band such as a cellular network or an unlicensed band such as a Wi-Fi network. The present invention considers MTC communication over an LTE network which is one of cellular networks.

Regarding an MTC service, a UE should transmit data to an eNB periodically. Although a data transmission period is different according to a setting of a service provider, it is assumed that the data transmission period is very long. Meanwhile, the basic operation of an MTC UE supporting smart metering is to measure electricity, gas, and water. Therefore, the smart meter (i.e., the MTC UE) may be installed in a poorer environment than a general terminal. For example, the smart meter may be installed in a poor communication environment such as a baseband or a shielded place according to a housing type. However, since such an MTC UE does not require a high data rate and has only to satisfy a low data rate with long periodicity, additional installation of a relay or an eNB to improve the poor communication environment of the MTC UE may not be cost-effective. Accordingly, it is preferred to support MTC UEs by utilizing existing networks as much as possible.

The simplest method for overcoming a poor communication environment of an MTC UE is that the MTC UE repeatedly transmits the same data. In embodiments of the present invention, since a DL physical channel and/or a UL physical channel is repeatedly transmitted to or received from an MTC UE, stable communication may be provided.

4.2 PUSCH Transmission Power Control

For PUSCH transmission, an MTC UE should receive control information on a PDCCH/E-PDCCH from an eNB. The control information may include a Transmit Power Command (TPC). In embodiments of the present invention described below, it is defined that ‘A/B’ means A or B.

In regards to a timing for setting PUSCH transmission power in the LTE/LTE-A system, PUSCH transmission power is set according to a TPC which has been transmitted on a PDCCH/E-PDCCH, four subframes earlier in FDD, whereas PUSCH transmission power is set according to a DL/UL configuration as illustrated in [Table 19] in TDD.

TABLE 19 TDD UL/DL subframe number i Configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 — — 6 7 4 — — 6 7 4 1 — — 6 4 — — — 6 4 — 2 — — 4 — — — — 4 — — 3 — — 4 4 4 — — — — — 4 — — 4 4 — — — — — — 5 — — 4 — — — — — — — 6 — — 7 7 5 — — 7 7 —

Referring to [Table 19], for example, in the case of TDD UL/DL configuration 0, when the MTC UE transmits a PUSCH in subframe #2, the MTC UE may set PUSCH transmission power according to a TPC included in a PDCCH/E-PDCCH for PUSCH scheduling, transmitted six subframes earlier.

In a wireless access system supporting MTC, a PDCCH/E-PDCCH is repeatedly transmitted. Accordingly, a timing relationship between a TPC and PUSCH transmission power setting should be established.

In an FDD system, for example, PUSCH transmission power may be set according to a TPC included in the last of repeatedly transmitted PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs. TPCs included in the repeatedly transmitted PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs may be the same power control command. Herein, the starting time of a PUSCH that the MTC UE is to repeatedly transmit may be set to be apart from the last subframe of a PDCCH/E-PDCCH carrying control information for the PUSCH by a fixed number of subframes (e.g., K subframes). K may be fixed to be equal to or larger than 4 (K>=4) by a system setting. The same principle may also be applied to a TDD system. However, a different K value may be set for each subframe according to a TDD UL/DL configuration (refer to [Table 19]).

Preferably, the MTC UE maintains PUSCH transmission power constant during a repeated PUSCH transmission period. For this purpose, even though the MTC UE receives a TPC for PUSCH power adjustment in DCI Format 3/3A or a PDCCH/E-PDCCH during repeated PUSCH transmissions, the MTC UE may ignore the TPC transmitted in DCI Format 3/3A or the PDCCH/E-PDCCH. Therefore, the MTC UE does not expect transmission of DCI Format 3/3A indicating PUSCH power adjustment or transmission of a PDCCH/E-PDCCH including a TPC during a repeated PUSCH transmission period.

In another aspect of the present invention, if the MTC UE receives a new DCI Format 3/3A or PDCCH/E-PDCCH including a TPC after repeated PUSCH transmissions, the MTC UE may set PUSCH power, in further consideration of a TPC received during previous repeated PUSCH transmissions. For example, if the MTC UE receives a 1-dB power decrease command in DCI Format 3/3A during a previous repeated PUSCH transmission period and then a 1-dB power increase command on a PDCCH/E-PDCCH that schedules a PUSCH, the MTC UE may add −1 dB indicated during the previous repeated PUSCH transmissions to 1 dB indicated for the current repeated PUSCH transmissions and thus repeatedly transmit the current PUSCH by adjusting the transmission power of the PUSCH by 0 dB.

4.3 PUCCH Transmission Power Control

In MTC, if a PDCCH/E-PDCCH is repeatedly transmitted, a timing relationship between PUCCH transmission power setting and a TPC should be established. For example, PUCCH transmission power may be set according to a TPC included in a PDCCH/E-PDCCH transmitted repeatedly to an MTC UE in an FDD system.

Preferably, the MTC UE maintains PUCCH transmission power constant during a repeated PUCCH transmission period. For this purpose, if the MTC UE receives a TPC for PUCCH power adjustment in DCI Format 3/3A or a PDCCH/E-PDCCH during repeated PUCCH transmissions, the MTC UE may ignore DCI Format 3/3A or the PDCCH/E-PDCCH. That is, the MTC UE does not expect transmission of DCI Format 3/3A or a PDCCH/E-PDCCH indicating PUCCH power adjustment during a repeated PUCCH transmission period.

However, in another aspect of the present invention, if the MTC UE repeatedly transmits another PUCCH after the repeated PUCCH transmissions, the MTC UE may set PUCCH transmission power, in further consideration of a TPC included in a newly transmitted DCI format 3/3A or PDCCH/E-PDCCH. For example, it is assumed that the MTC UE receives a 1-dB power decrease command in DCI format 3/3A during a previous repeated PUCCH transmission period and then a 1-dB power increase command on a new PDCCH/E-PDCCH. Herein, the MTC UE may add −1 dB indicated during the previous repeated PUCCH transmissions to 1 dB indicated for the current repeated PUCCH transmissions and thus repeatedly transmit the current PUCCH by adjusting the transmission power of the PUCCH by 0 dB.

4.4 Method for Adjusting UL Transmission Power

A description will be given again of the methods described in sections 4.2 and 4.3 with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow for a method of adjusting UL transmission power.

An eNB transmits a first PDCCH or E-PDCCH carrying scheduling information for a PUSCH or PUCCH, repeatedly X times. The repeated first PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs may include first TPCs for adjusting the transmission power of the PUSCH or PUCCH (S1710).

An MTC UE may set the transmission power of a first PUSCH/PUCCH based on the first TPCs included in the first PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs repeatedly transmitted in step S1710. The first TPCs included in the repeatedly transmitted first PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs are the same transmit power control command (S1720).

The MTC UE may receive a second PDCCH/E-PDCCH including a new second TPC for power adjustment from the eNB during the repeated first PUSCH/PUDCCH transmissions in step S1720 (S1725).

In general, if a PDCCH/E-PDCCH carrying new scheduling information is received, a PUSCH/PUCCH is transmitted based on the new scheduling information instead of an old scheduling scheme in the LTE/LTE-A system. However, it is preferred that an MTC UE transmits a PUSCH/PUCCH with the same transmission power during a repeated transmission period. Accordingly, the MTC UE may ignore the second TPC included in the second PDCCH/E-PDCCH received in step S1725.

Upon receipt of a new third PDCCH/E-PDCCH from the eNB after the MTC UE completes step S1720, the MTC UE may transmit a second PUSCH/PUCCH repeatedly Z times according to scheduling information and a third TPC included in the third PDCCH/E-PDCCH (S1740).

In another aspect of the present invention, the MTC UE may adjust transmission power, taking into account both the second TPC included in the second PDCCH/E-PDCCH received in step S1720 and the third TPC included in the third PDCCH/E-PDCCH received in step S1730. This is because the eNB is likely to transmit the second PDCCH/E-PDCCH and/or the third PDCCH/E-PDCCH so that transmission power may be adjusted according to a changed channel situation. Therefore, even though the MTC UE maintains the same transmission power during the repeated transmissions in step S1720, the MTC UE may consider both the second and third TPCs respectively included in the second and third PDCCHs/E-PDCCHs in determining the transmission power of the next PUSCH/PUCCH.

For example, if the second TPC included in the second PDCCH indicates −2 dB transmission power adjustment and the third TPC command included in the third PDCCH indicates +1 dB transmission power adjustment, the MTC UE may transmit the second PUSCH/PUCCH repeatedly Z times with −1 dB transmission power adjustment in step S1740.

In FIG. 17, the repetition numbers of the first and second PUSCHs/PUCCHs are shown as Y and Z, respectively. However, the transmission numbers of a PUSCH and a PUCCH may be set to be different.

In embodiments of the present invention, a PDCCH is a physical channel transmitted in the control channel region of a subframe, and an E-PDCCH is a physical channel transmitted in the data channel region of a subframe. Further, a PUCCH is a physical channel for transmitting UCI, and a PUSCH is a physical channel for transmitting user data.

4.5 Method for Adjusting Transmission Power in Case of Collision between PUCCH and PUSCH

In the LTE/LTE-A system, a PDSCH transmission and a PUSCH transmission are scheduled independently. Therefore, in the case where a PUCCH carrying UCI (e.g., an HARQ-ACK) and a PUSCH carrying user data are repeatedly transmitted, a repeated PUCCH transmission period and a repeated PUSCH transmission period may overlap with each other. In general, the repeated PUCCH transmission period (e.g., N1) is shorter than the repeated PUSCH transmission period (e.g., N2). That is, it is typical that N1<N2.

It may be regulated that a PUSCH is not transmitted during a repeated transmission period of a PUCCH carrying an HARQ-ACK. The number of subframes in which PUSCH transmissions are restricted due to PUCCH transmissions (i.e., the number of subframes in which the PUSCH and the PUCCH are overlapped) may be determined according to N1, N2, the starting time of the repeated PUCCH transmissions, and the starting time of the repeated PUSCH transmissions.

Overlaps between repeated PUSCH transmissions and repeated PUCCH transmissions may be classified into (1) full inclusion of a repeated PUCCH transmission period in a repeated PUSCH transmission period, and (2) partial inclusion of a repeated PUCCH transmission period in a repeated PUSCH transmission period.

Because the repeated PUCCH transmissions and the repeated PUSCH transmissions may overlap with each other in time and thus the PUSCH may not be transmitted in a part or any of subframes, the performance of the repeated PUSCH transmissions may be degraded. Therefore, if the PUSCH transmissions are restricted due to the PUCCH transmissions, the transmission power of the PUSCH transmissions may be increased to compensate for the restriction.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating one of methods of adjusting the transmission power of a PUSCH, when repeated PUCCH transmissions collide with repeated PUSCH transmissions.

In FIGS. 18, P1 and P2 represent the transmission power of a PUCCH and a PUSCH, respectively. ΔP represents a power increment for the PUSCH which has not been transmitted due to the PUCCH transmission. The value of ΔP may be set based on the number of subframes in which the PUSCH is supposed to be transmitted but is not transmitted due to repeated PUCCH transmissions. For example, the value of ΔP may be set in proportion to the number of PUSCH subframes whose transmission has been discontinued.

In another method, ΔP may be set to a predetermined value irrespective of the number of PUSCH subframes not transmitted due to PUCCH transmissions. For example, the eNB may indicate ΔP to the UE by a higher-layer signal or on a DL control channel.

In embodiments of the present invention described below, it is assumed that the repetition number of one of DL control channels, PDCCH/E-PDCCH is N3, and the repetition number of a PDSCH transmitted after F subframes as an offset from the repeated PDCCH/E-PDCCH transmissions is N4. To maintain transmission power constant during a repeated PUSCH transmission period, the MTC UE should start the repeated PUCCH transmissions and/or the repeated PUSCH transmissions after decoding repeatedly transmitted PDSCHs, as illustrated in FIG. 18(a). In other words, the MTC UE preferably has prior knowledge of the PUCCH transmissions before the start of the PUSCH transmissions. Accordingly, the MTC UE may preliminarily increase the power of another repeated PUSCH transmissions by as much as PUSCHs which have not been transmitted due to the repeated PUCCH transmissions.

FIG. 18(a) illustrates a method of maintaining the transmission power of a PUSCH constant even when repeated transmissions of a periodic PUCCH are partially overlapped with repeated transmissions of a PUSCH carrying user data. However, since the repeated PUSCH transmissions are discontinued in N1 subframes due to the PUCCH, the MTC UE may transmit the PUSCH repeatedly by increasing the transmission power of the PUSCH by ΔP proportional to N1.

FIG. 18(b) illustrates a method of, when repeated PUSCH transmissions are discontinued due to repeated PUCCH transmissions, setting different transmission power before and after the discontinuation. Considering that there is no problem with the PUSCH transmissions before the PUSCH transmissions are discontinued due to the PUCCH, the MTC UE may transmit the PUSCH with the original allocated transmission power, P2. When the PUSCH transmissions are discontinued due to the PUCCH transmissions, the MTC UE may transmit the PUSCH with power increased in proportion to the number (e.g., N1) of subframes in which the PUSCH transmissions have been discontinued due to the PUCCH transmissions.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating one of methods of adjusting the transmission power of a PUSCH, when repeated PUCCH transmissions collide with repeated PUSCH transmissions.

In general, a PDSCH transmission and a PUSCH transmission are scheduled independently. Therefore, if the MTC UE repeatedly transmits a PUCCH carrying UCI (e.g., an HARQ-ACK) and a PUSCH carrying user data, a repeated PUCCH transmission period may overlap with a repeated PUSCH transmission period. Herein, it may be configured that the PUCCH is transmitted as many times as its repetition number, with priority over the PUSCH and thus the PUSCH is not transmitted in the overlapped subframes.

In this case, the PUSCH may further be transmitted by extending, in time, N1 subframes in which the PUSCH has not been transmitted due to the repeated PUCCH transmissions, after the repeated PUCCH transmissions are completed. Thus, the PUSCH may be eventually transmitted as many times as a total PUSCH repetition number.

Referring to FIG. 19, when a PUSCH and a PUCCH are overlapped with each other, the MTC UE completes the whole repeated PUSCH transmissions by performing repeated PUSCH transmissions which have been discontinued due to repeated PUCCH transmissions, after completion of the PUCCH transmissions.

In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, when repeated PUCCH transmissions start during a repeated PUSCH transmission period, the eNB needs to determine whether a PUCCH has been transmitted, due to the error probability of a PDCCH transmitted to the UE. However, if the repeated PUCCH transmission period is overlapped only with the last some subframes of the repeated PUSCH transmission period, it may be difficult to determine whether the PUCCH has been transmitted.

Therefore, if the PUCCH transmission period does not overlap with the PUSCH transmission period by a predetermined part or more (e.g., ½ or more of the repeated PUCCH transmission period), The MTC UE may assume no PUCCH transmission. In other words, in the case where repeated PUSCH transmissions overlap with repeated PUCCH transmissions, the MTC UE assumes that only when a predetermined part or more of the repeated PUCCH transmission period (½ or more of the repeated PUCCH transmission period) overlaps with the repeated PUSCH transmission period, the repeated PUCCH transmissions start.

5. Apparatuses

Apparatuses illustrated in FIG. 20 are means that can implement the methods described before with reference to FIGS. 1 to 19.

A UE may act as a transmission end on a UL and as a reception end on a DL. An eNB may act as a reception end on a UL and as a transmission end on a DL.

That is, each of the UE and the eNB may include a Transmitter (Tx) 2040 or 2050 and a Receiver (Rx) 2060 or 2070, for controlling transmission and reception of information, data, and/or messages, and an antenna 2000 or 2010 for transmitting and receiving information, data, and/or messages.

Each of the UE and the eNB may further include a processor 2020 or 2030 for implementing the afore-described embodiments of the present disclosure and a memory 2080 or 2090 for temporarily or permanently storing operations of the processor 2020 or 2030.

The embodiments of the present invention may be implemented using the above-described components and functions of a UE and an eNB. For example, the processor of the MTC UE and/or the processor of the eNB may support implementation of the methods of repeatedly transmitting a PUCCH and a PUSCH, described before in section 4. Preferably, the PUCCH/PUSCH is transmitted repeatedly with the same transmission power. Accordingly, if the MTC UE receives a PDCCH/E-PDCCH including a TPC for transmission power adjustment during repeated PUCCH/PUSCH transmissions, the MTC UE may ignore the PDCCH/E-PDCCH. However, upon receipt of a new PDCCH/E-PDCCH after completion of the repeated PUCCH/PUSCH transmissions, the MTC UE may transmit a PUCCH/PUSCH with transmission power adjusted based on a TPC included in the PDCCH/E-PDCCH. For details, refer to section 4 and FIG. 17.

In the case where a PUCCH and a PUSCH overlap with each other in one or more subframes, the PUCCH may be transmitted with priority over the PUSCH and thus the PUSCH may not be transmitted. In this case, the PUSCH may be transmitted with transmission power increased in proportion to the number of overlapped subframes. For details, refer to section 4 and FIGS. 18 and 19.

The Tx and Rx of the UE and the eNB may perform a packet modulation/demodulation function for data transmission, a high-speed packet channel coding function, OFDMA packet scheduling, TDD packet scheduling, and/or channelization. Each of the UE and the eNB of FIG. 20 may further include a low-power Radio Frequency (RF)/Intermediate Frequency (IF) module.

Meanwhile, the UE may be any of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a cellular phone, a Personal Communication Service (PCS) phone, a Global System for Mobile (GSM) phone, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) phone, a Mobile Broadband System (MBS) phone, a hand-held PC, a laptop PC, a smart phone, a Multi Mode-Multi Band (MM-MB) terminal, etc.

The smart phone is a terminal taking the advantages of both a mobile phone and a PDA. It incorporates the functions of a PDA, that is, scheduling and data communications such as fax transmission and reception and Internet connection into a mobile phone. The MB-MM terminal refers to a terminal which has a multi-modem chip built therein and which can operate in any of a mobile Internet system and other mobile communication systems (e.g. CDMA 2000, WCDMA, etc.).

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be achieved by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.

In a hardware configuration, the methods according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be achieved by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.

In a firmware or software configuration, the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure, a function, etc. performing the above-described functions or operations. A software code may be stored in the memory 2080 or 2090 and executed by the processor 2020 or 2030. The memory is located at the interior or exterior of the processor and may transmit and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be carried out in other specific ways than those set forth herein without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the present disclosure. The above embodiments are therefore to be construed in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, not by the above description, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that claims that are not explicitly cited in each other in the appended claims may be presented in combination as an embodiment of the present disclosure or included as a new claim by a subsequent amendment after the application is filed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present disclosure is applicable to various wireless access systems including a 3GPP system, a 3GPP2 system, and/or an IEEE 802.xx system. Besides these wireless access systems, the embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to all technical fields in which the wireless access systems find their applications. 

1-14. (canceled)
 15. A method for controlling uplink transmission power in a wireless access system, the method performed by a User Equipment (UE) and comprising: receiving a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) repeatedly a predetermined number of times, the PDCCH including control information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and the control information including a Transmit Power Control (TPC) command; and transmitting a PUSCH based on the control information, repeatedly a predetermined number of times, wherein the PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted with a transmission power determined based on the TPC command during a time period, and wherein the transmission power is maintained constant during the time period for the repeated PUSCH transmissions.
 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein a starting time of the PUSCH is set to be apart from a last subframe of the repeated PDCCH by K subframes, and wherein K is equal to or larger than 4 in case of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD), or K is set for each subframe according to a Downlink (DL)/Uplink (UL) configuration in case of a Time Division Duplexing (TDD).
 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the transmission power is set according to the TPC command which has been transmitted K subframes before.
 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the repeatedly received PDCCHs have same control information and the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs have same uplink data.
 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the wireless access system supports a Machine Type Communication (MTC), and the UE is a MTC UE supporting the MTC.
 20. A method for controlling uplink transmission power in a wireless access system, the method performed by an enhanced Node B (eNB) and comprising: transmitting a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) repeatedly a predetermined number of times, the PDCCH including control information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and the control information including a Transmit Power Control (TPC) command; and receiving a PUSCH based on the control information, repeatedly a predetermined number of times, wherein the PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted with a transmission power determined based on the TPC command during a time period, and wherein the transmission power is maintained constant during the time period for the repeated PUSCH transmissions.
 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein a starting time of the PUSCH is set to be apart from a last subframe of the repeated PDCCH by K subframes, and wherein K is equal to or larger than 4 in case of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD), or K is set for each subframe according to a Downlink (DL)/Uplink (UL) configuration in case of a Time Division Duplexing (TDD).
 22. The method according to claim 20, wherein the transmission power is set according to the TPC command which has been transmitted K subframes before.
 23. The method according to claim 20, wherein the repeatedly received PDCCHs have same control information and the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs have same uplink data.
 24. The method according to claim 20, wherein the wireless access system supports a Machine Type Communication (MTC), and the UE is a MTC UE supporting the MTC.
 25. A user equipment (UE) for controlling uplink transmission power in a wireless access system, the UE comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and a processor controlling the uplink transmission power, wherein the processor is configured to: receive, by controlling the receiver, a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) repeatedly a predetermined number of times, the PDCCH including control information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and the control information including a Transmit Power Control (TPC) command; and transmit, by controlling the transmitter, a PUSCH based on the control information, repeatedly a predetermined number of times, wherein the PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted with a transmission power determined based on the TPC command during a time period, and wherein the transmission power is maintained constant during the time period for the repeated PUSCH transmissions.
 26. The UE according to claim 25, wherein a starting time of the PUSCH is set to be apart from a last subframe of the repeated PDCCH by K subframes, and wherein K is equal to or larger than 4 in case of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD), or K is set for each subframe according to a Downlink (DL)/Uplink (UL) configuration in case of a Time Division Duplexing (TDD).
 27. The UE according to claim 25, wherein the transmission power is set according to the TPC command which has been transmitted K subframes before.
 28. The UE according to claim 25, wherein the repeatedly received PDCCHs have same control information and the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs have same uplink data.
 29. The UE according to claim 25, wherein the wireless access system supports a Machine Type Communication (MTC), and the UE is a MTC UE supporting the MTC.
 30. An enhanced Node B (eNB) for controlling uplink transmission power in a wireless access system, the eNB comprising: a transmitter; a receiver; and a processor controlling the uplink transmission power; wherein the processor is configured to: transmit, by controlling the transmitter, a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) repeatedly a predetermined number of times, the PDCCH including control information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and the control information including a Transmit Power Control (TPC) command; and receive, by controlling the receiver, a PUSCH based on the control information, repeatedly a predetermined number of times, wherein the PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted with a transmission power determined based on the TPC command during a time period, and wherein the transmission power is maintained constant during the time period for the repeated PUSCH transmissions.
 31. The eNB according to claim 30, wherein a starting time of the PUSCH is set to be apart from a last subframe of the repeated PDCCH by K subframes, and wherein K is equal to or larger than 4 in case of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD), or K is set for each subframe according to a Downlink (DL)/Uplink (UL) configuration in case of a Time Division Duplexing (TDD).
 32. The eNB according to claim 30, wherein the transmission power is set according to the TPC command which has been transmitted K subframes before.
 33. The eNB according to claim 30, wherein the repeatedly received PDCCHs have same control information and the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs have same uplink data.
 34. The eNB according to claim 30, wherein the wireless access system supports a Machine Type Communication (MTC), and the UE is a MTC UE supporting the MTC. 